The United Nations General Assembly declared 1981 the International Year of Persons with disabilities. Many studies have been carried out after 1981. In 2001, work was started with the desire to create legislation on the rights of the disabled. The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities was completed in 2006.
The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is accepted as the first human rights document of the 21st century. The states that signed the convention are obliged to ensure the participation of persons with disabilities in social life and their
protection against discrimination and to make the services offered to society accessible to
persons with disabilities.
What is the Scope of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities?
Chronic diseases are increasing in societies with an elderly population or low welfare levels. The high inflation experienced throughout the world and the increase in the elderly population due to the health sector cause chronic diseases. Therefore, the number of disabled people is increasing day by day. Chronic diseases are transferred nationally and globally.
According to the World Health Organization data (considering the 2010 global population estimates), 11 percent of the world's population is disabled. The World Disability Report, on the other hand, announced this rate as 15 percent. According to the World Health Survey, the number of persons with disabilities aged fifteen and over is 785 million. According to the Global Burden of Disease studies, this figure has been determined as 975 million.
Specific disabilities are seen in countries with chronic diseases. Therefore, there are no
common disability patterns on a global scale. Disability patterns in a country are influenced
by trends in health conditions, the environment, and other factors. Stereotypes of disability
highlight a few other familiar groups, such as wheelchair users, the blind, and the deaf.
According to the disability rate, the situations in which people are disadvantaged vary. Not all people with disabilities are equally disadvantaged, even related.
People with both disabilities and women struggle with many obstacles due to health system problems as well as gender discrimination. At the same time, children with disabilities cannot have an equal and quality education. Children who cannot participate in the workforce in every field due to their disability will be far away due to their education level. Disabled people, often with mental health problems or mental disorders, are the most remote and virtually excluded from the labor market.
What are the Targets of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities?
The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is a convention that brings obligations such as eliminating the problems caused by this and similar examples, eliminating discrimination against persons with disabilities, and raising their living standards. It consists of 50 items. Article 5 to article 32 of the convention has defined the rights of persons with disabilities and the state's obligations towards them. Many of these rights are the same as those affirmed in other United Nations conventions, such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights, and the Convention against Torture.
The lack of adequate financing is a significant barrier to sustainable services in all income environments. Analysis from the World Health Survey in 51 countries showed that people with disabilities have more difficulty obtaining exemptions or discounts from health care services than people without disabilities.
Due to the lack of accessibility (including public places), transportation systems and
information are complicated for people with disabilities to access. The difficulty of accessing
transportation causes a disabled person to be deterred from seeking a job. Reports from
countries with accessibility laws confirm a low level of compliance. Little information is
available in accessible formats, and many communication needs of people with disabilities are not met.
Lack of participation prevents the disabled person from making a choice. It is a big problem to be excluded from the decision-making process in processes outside his control. Rights specific to this convention include rights to accessibility, including information technology, rights to independent living and participation in society, personal mobility, mental health and rehabilitation, and participation. In addition, the parties to the convention should raise awareness of the human rights of persons with disabilities and ensure access to roads, buildings, and information.
Recognizing that women and girls with disabilities are subject to discrimination based on more than one reason, the convention demands that measures be taken to ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms. The convention, which seeks to raise awareness of disabled people in all segments of society, including the family, and to encourage respect for their rights and dignity, also draws attention to equal rights before the law, access to justice, and personal freedom.
Author:
Çağın Ergün
Source:
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